Showing posts with label St. Louis history. Show all posts
Showing posts with label St. Louis history. Show all posts

Saturday, December 28, 2019

Helen Korngold Diary: December 22-31,1919

Here is the final installment of Helen's diary and the story of what happened to Helen after 1919. 

If Helen had not signed off with her name I would never have known who wrote the diary or learned so much about her life and times and family.

December
Monday 22
Stayed home to rest all day. I certainly needed it. Ruth had some people over in the evening. We had a good time together. Herbert – Ruth – Frances – Arthur & I. We went to bed about 1 a.m.

Tuesday 23
Went out with Mrs. Sessel – to dinner at Garibaldi’s – then we went to matinees at the Rialto – a beautiful house – lighted done 8 – a wonderful symphony orchestra. Evening – Youngs & Rossbach.

Wednesday 24
Out again with Mrs. Sessel to Equarium– Wall Street – Woolworth Bldg to Trinity Cemetery. Home to her shop. A Xmas party & lots of fun. To Moulin Rouge with R.H.A. Edith Cohen & myself. It was wonderful. Broadway is too fascinating for words. This was the day that grandpa died, but I didn’t know of it until I returned. We all felt terrible to lose him. May his soul rest in peace.

Thursday 25
Xmas day. Fooled around with the boys at home. Ruth did some general household tasks. We had lunch and went out for a long walk. Saw the city college. Grant’s tomb, Columbia and a variety of other things. Walked home along Riverside. Kings came over.

Friday 26
Spent the day with Minnie Young – went over to Newark – home to dinner with Mr. Butbaum & Arthur as guests. Pawlingers came over in evening. We had a nice time, but I didn’t feel very well. Slept overnight with Youngs.

Saturday 27
Visited Lord & Taylors – Altmans – Macy’s – etc. Went to the Capitol matinee in the afternoon. They have a beautiful promenade. Went to Tiffins for lunch. Home & to Rusenweber’s with Rossback, Ruth & co. It was wild.

Sunday 28
Fooled around. Out with Jul in afternoon – then to Brooklyn with Lenore Rosenson. Dinner & reception for Junior Aux. of Council of Jewish Women to which I was a delegate. Alvin & Lenore are dears. [illegible] & mother & daddy too. Very fine & wealthy people.

Monday 29
Convention meeting. There was a lovely crowd there. Luncheon at Unity Club – meeting. Found dance at Elks Club in the evening. I was with Lenore’s uncle. Alvin & he & Lenore were darling to me, I had such a wonderful time. Pop, Herb & Arthur came over to see me.

Tuesday 30
Convention has been very interesting. Luncheon & last meeting. Home to N.Y. Saw “Monsieur Beaucaire” with Herb & Ruth & Pop. It was very good lyric opera. Lunch at Gertners. Very nice place – Saw Times newspaper being printed.

Wednesday 31
Climbed statue of Liberty with cousin Minnie. Heard ‘Forza del Destino’ with Caruso & Ponselle as leads in evening. It was wonderful. Spent remainder of week seeing & visiting museums, bought a hat – pop gave me a seal coatie – went to Sorbers & Roof Garden, visited all hotels – had lunch in some exclusive places – in short, had a glorious old time. This certainly has been a most exciting and pleasant year for me. If grandpa had only lived it would have been perfect. Wishing myself & all those I love happiness –
Helen Korngold

*****
Notes:

Dec 22
Herbert, Ruth, Frances, Arthur Pawliger of 1915 Broadway. Herbert Lincoln Pawligerwas a commercial salesman who had visited with the Korngold family when in St. Louis. 

December 23

Mrs. Sessel may be Nathalia Sessel, married to Samuel Sessel who had a millinery shop and was born in St. Louis. The 1920 census shows Sam and Nathalia (1886-1951) had a daughter, Fern.
the Rialto

The Rialto was the 'Temple of the Motion Picture, in 1916 on Broadway near 42nd St. in Manhatten. It seated almost 2,000 and had a fine orchestra. The photo-play was Red Hot Dollars starring Charles Ray. “As a laborer, and later as the adopted son of a wealthy man, as a rough youngster being polished down for society, and as the suitor for the hand of a workingman’s daughter, Ray has the part varied enough to please all his admirers.” From The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Dec 28, 1919. 

Ray was one of the biggest box-office stars of his time. For a biography of Ray: http://www.goldensilents.com/stars/charlesray.html or http://torontofilmsociety.com/film-notes/the-coward-1915/
Charles Ray by Albert Witzel 2.jpg
Charles Ray
A Fox movies Sunshine Comedy called Chicken A La Cabaret was ‘the chaser.’ The Sun of December 28, 1919, reported, "Also showing was ‘a kindergarten’ of wild Alaskan bear cubs, Bizet’s Pearl Fisher sung by tenor Sudwarth Frazier and baritone Edward Albano, and ‘ecstasies by the orchestra over List’s First Rhapsody ‘will fill the chinks in the program." 

December 24

The Moulin Rouge Cafe at Broadway and 48th St. offered dance reviews of all sorts, and the Moulin Rouge Orchestra under the direction of Ben Selvin offered ‘dance music and impromptu entertainment’ according to The New York Herald of December 7, 1919.
The New York City Aquarium
Equarium or New York Aquarium opened in December 1896 at Castle Garden at the Battery in Manhattan. In 1919 it attracted 5,000 attendees daily.
http://placesnomore.wordpress.com/tag/new-york-aquarium/

nyc-street-1919-6
The Woolworth Building in 1919
The Woolworth Building at 233 Broadway in Manhattan was completed in 1913 and is one of the oldest skyscrapers in the world. http://www.nyc-architecture.com/SCC/SCC019.htm

Trinity Church
Trinity Church Cemetery in Manhattan goes back to 1697 and is the resting place of personages such as John Jacob Astor, inventor Robert Fulton, General Horatio Gates of the Revolutionary War, and Alexander Hamilton. Its steeple was once where people went for the best overview of the city. Munsey's Magazine.  November 1899. http://www.digitalhistoryproject.com/2012/06/hotels-of-new-york-waldorf-astoria-park.html

Helen's maternal grandfather David Joshua Frey died on Dec. 24, 1919, in a tragic accident. 

David was born Oct. 18, 1840, in Rzeszów Galacia, Austria to Benjamin and Yittel Kressel Frey, and immigrated at age 24 to the United States. He married Sophia Herz, born in 1847 in Lörzweiler, Hessen, daughter of Abraham Mendle and Sarah Herz, and immigrated to the United States at age 20.
Traveling Salesman in San Francisco
Notice of Death

Dec 25

City College of New York in Manhattan was established in 1847.

Riverside Drive follows the Hudson River. Columbia University and Grant’s Tomb are on Riverside Drive.

Helen was touring all the must-see places of New York City.

Justus George Frederick wrote in his 1919 guide Adventuring in New York:

In our hurrying American way we do not often give time to the aesthetic outlook but who has not paused as he came upon Madison Square of a winter's evening at 5 or 6 o clock when a thousand points of light glimmer through the trees from a thousand towered windows in particular from the wafer-like Flatiron Building or the giant toy the Metropolitan Tower?

Who has not of a summer's balmy evening in Riverside Drive Park gazed out upon the broad bosom of the stately Hudson illumined with the binnacle lamps of battleships and yachts the stateroom lamps and searchlights of steamers the dim home beacons on the other shore of dwellings upon the Pallisades?

 Who has not stood at the Battery and swung his eyes upon the ever-changing spectacle of the fairy port of the new World? 

Who has not sniffed the October air from the top of a Fifth Avenue bus through the endless pomp and panoply of the most famous street in the world?

 Who has been atop a great skyscraper by day or night and failed to fall into a gargantuan reverie?

It is a challenge to feeling and thought to gaze out from the windows of the Bankers Club in the Equitable Building from the Whitehall Club roof garden or from the topmost windows of any large building but especially from the stately vantage point of the Woolworth or Metropolitan Tower?

What human ant though he be cannot add a cubit to his stature from his feelings at such an adventure? 

Dec 26

Later in the diary, Helen refers to "cousin Minnie." Helen's father's mother was Joacha Young and Minnie may be related to that family. I do find a Minnie Young married to Max Young who was a tailor born in Russia and by 1915 had his own clothing /dry goods store. The census shows they had children Louis, Nathan, and Helen.

I find several marriage licenses in New York City for Butbaums and also a WWI Draft Card for David Butbaum, born Sept. 15, 1894, in Austria. He was an operator for Greenfield and was of medium height and weight with brown eyes and hair.

December 27

Helen visited the premier New York department stores, including Lord & Taylors, Altmans, and Macy’s. 

John Rusenweber appears on the 1880 New York City Census as a liquor dealer from Bavaria. He and his wife Fredericka were 28, and their children included Emma, age 7, Barbara, age 5, and Lizzie aged 2. They lived on 8th Avenue.
 

The Capitol Matinee was on Broadway at 51st St. and was advertised as ‘The World’s Largest Theater.’ Matinee seats cost 30 cents to a dollar. 
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According to The New York Sun of December 27, Marie Doron in 12.10 was playing, with ‘Eminent Baritone David Bispham’ also performing. Bispham was a Philadelphia Quaker who studied opera and had sung at the Royal Opera and the Met. You can hear him sing on Youtube.

David Bispham
The newly formed Capitol Symphony Orchestra was to play Tchaikovsky’s Capriccio Italien and an ‘elaborate score’ to go with the featured motion picture. An article on Bispham (1857 – 1921),  America’s first internationally known opera singer, is found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bispham 
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December 28

Jul was first mentioned in the diary on January 2! He was one of the soldiers at the barracks who Helen met and corresponded with; he sent her a pillow top from Asheville, NC. Jules Koloditsky was a salesman living in the Brox.

Lenore and Alvin Rosenson appear with parents Hyman B. and Mame on the January 1915 New York State Census. Lenore was aged 19 and Alvin was 16 years old. They lived on Rodney in Brooklyn. Hyman was from Prussia and worked as a liquor wholesaler. The 1910 census shows Hyman immigrated in 1883. Also on that census appear his son Theodore, age 19, his brother Isaac and sister Belle, and a servant.

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The Junior Council of Jewish Women article in The Brooklyn Daily, Dec. 29, 1919.

December 29

Unity Club is the name of an organization out of the Unitarian church. 

Leonore’s uncle Isaac Rosenson

December 30

Gertner’s was at 1446 Broadway and advertised “a la carte all hours.”
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Andre Messager’s lyric opera “Monsieur Beaucaire” is based on a book by Booth Tarkington. The opera was first performed on April 7, 1919, in London and later opened on Broadway. An advertisement in The Sun of December 31 shows it was playing at the New Amsterdam Matinee at $2.00 for the ‘best seats.’ 

December 31
Seal Coatie- a short coat of seal fur. Perhaps her father bought it at the August fur sales

‘La Forza del Destino’ by Verdi was performed by Enrico Caruso and Rosa Ponselle. A synopsis can be found at http://www.metoperafamily.org/metopera/history/stories/synopsis.aspx?customid=126

The Waldorf Astoria would have been the original Waldorf hotel on 5th Avenue and 33rd, built in 1893 by William Waldorf Astor. In 1897 it was joined to the adjacent Astor hotel, built by John Jacob Astor. The Waldorf=Astoria was rebuilt on Park Avenue in the 1920s, and the Empire State Building was built on the site.  http://www.newyork.com/articles/hotels/secrets-of-the-waldorf-astoria-hotel-63985/

Roof Gardens were hugely popular and most of the premier hotels offered them. Justus George Frederick in Adventuring in New York offered a list:

One of the special delights of New York because of its high buildings is the increasing vogue of the Roof Garden, so cool and remote from the fetid pavement in Summer. Most of the large hotels open their roof gardens early in June a few by the end of May and here one can dine and dance comfortably in the open as far from the bustle and heat of the city as if a hundred miles lay between. Here are a few of the popular or newest hotels also some specialized hotels and apartment hotels. 

Astor 44th St & Broadway also Roof Garden
 Biltmore 43rd St & Madison Ave also Roof Garden
 Majestic 72nd St and Central Park West also Roof Garden McAlpin 33rd St & Broadway also Roof Garden
 Pennsylvania 33rd & 7th Ave also Roof Garden
 Ritz Carlton 46th St & Madison Ave also Roof Garden
 Waldorf 33rd St & Fifth Ave also Roof Garden
 Plaza 59th St & Fifth Ave also Roof Garden
 Commodore 42nd St & Lexington Ave also Roof Garden 
*****
Helen's Later Life:

Helen had a career as a teacher at Normandy High School in St. Louis, her
photo appearing in the 1924, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, and 1937 yearbooks. 

Newspaper Announcement Benefit Dance
1932 newspaper notice

1936 Normandy HS yearbook
1937 Normandy HS yearbook

Her degrees included A.B. Washington University, M.A. Columbia University, and the University of Southern California. She worked in Commercial Subjects in the Guidance Department. 
Announcement Normandy Trachers Association
1936 newspaper article
Teacher’s College at Columbia University added a Ph.D. in Education in 1934. The school was established in 1897 and was the premier institution for teachers. http://library.tc.columbia.edu/edd.php (My grandfather received a teaching degree from Columbia a few years previous, along with his college friend Roger Blough who became the head of U. S. Steel).

In 1936 Helen appears on the census as a teacher at Normandy High School in St. Louis. 

She wrote an article, Guidance in Action: A High School Program in St. Louis, which appeared in “The Vocational Guidance Journal."

Newspaper Announcement
1922 newspaper notice that Helen and her sister Otilia vacationed in Michigan
Helen made at least one trip abroad. A September 3, 1926, Passenger List shows that Helen and her younger sister Otilia, age 22, arrived in New York City on the SS Rotterdam out of Southampton, England. Their address was 5253 Waterman, St Louis, MO. The St Louis City Directory of 1932 shows Helen and Otila were both teachers, living with Jacob and Eva at 5253 Waterman St.

Fritz Herzog
Helen married Fritz Herzog. The wedding announcement read,

Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Korngold, 5253 Waterman Boulevard, have announced the marriage of their daughter. Miss Helen, and Fritz Herzog. which took place Tuesday, Sept. 21. The bride received her M. A. degree from Washington University, University, and now is employed as head of the commercial department and director of vocational guidance at the Normandy High School. Mr. Herzog received his Ph. D. degree from Columbia University, New York, and at present is a member of the staff of Cornell University.

Fritz Herzog was born December 6, 1902, in Poland and died November 21, 2001, in East Lansing, Michigan. 

Fritz was an American mathematician known for his work in complex analysis and power series. He studied at the University of Berlin from 1928 to 1933. Anti-Semitism under Hitler forced him to emigrate. On July 27, 1933, he arrived at New York City on the S.S. Washington out of Berlin. The Passenger List states that he was 30, a student from Poznan, Poland and was Hebrew. 

Fritz received his Ph.D. degree at Columbia University with a thesis entitled Systems of Algebraic Mixed Difference Equations advised by Joseph Ritt (1934). 

He worked for the Smelting & Refining Company for two years as a statistician.

From 1938 to 1943 Herzog was an electrical engineering research associate at Cornell University working with Michel G. Malti on dynamo research. Together they solved an important electric power problem on balancing dynamos, which had remained open since the days of Michael Faraday a century before. 

The 1939 Ithaca, NY City Directory shows Helen as Mrs. Fritz Herzog, working at Cornell University as a “research elec. Assn.”  

The April 1940 Ithaca, NY City Directory shows Helen married to Fritz Herzog. Helen was 42 years old. The 1940 U.S. Census for Ithaca, NY shows Friz was a college professor with a four-year college degree, living in rented housing, and married to Helen Sarah Herzog. Fritz earned $1650 a year and had worked 11 hours the previous week. Helen worked as a clerk at the university earning a salary of $0 a year and had worked 63 hours the previous week.

In 1941 and 1942 Helen appears in the Ithaca, New York city directory as a clerk. 

The mystery of how Helen's diary showed up in a Lansing, Michigan resale shop was made clean when I learned that Fritz spent the remainder of his career teaching at Michigan State University in East Lansing, MI. He was a visiting professor in 1943 and an associate professor in 1946. Along with Michel G. Malti, he solved an important problem in dynamo research. 

A footnote in the May 1971 Vol. 78, No. 5 The American Mathematical Monthly states, “Fritz Herzog received his Columbia University PhD. under J.F. Ritt. His first position was at Cornell, and he has been at Michigan State since 1943, except for visits to Washington University and the University of Michigan. He is a recipient of a Michigan State Distinguished Faculty award. His principal research interests are complex function theory and power series.”

This gave me a clue as to how Helen and Fritz met! It had to be while Fritz was teaching at Washington University in St. Louis--Helen's Alma Mater.

Fritz was also known for his involvement in undergraduate education.  The Michigan State University’s Fritz Herzog Prize Endowment Fund competition honors Fritz, who “devoted significant efforts at undergraduate education and helped successfully prepare students of the Putnam exam” according to a June, 2010 MSU press release. 

Fritz and Helen appear in the 1945 East Lansing, MI City Directory. The 1984 Directory show they lived at 1532 Cahill Dr, East Lansing.

In 1956 and 1959 Helen appears in the East Lansing city directory working as a clerk at Michigan State University and Fritz as a professor at MSU.

Fritz was a member of the American Mathematical Society and published Some Properties of the Fejer Polynomials, by Fritz Herzog and George Piranian, in 1955.

In 1969 Fritz was awarded the Past Distinguished Faculty award in Natural Science. A footnote in the May 1971 Vol. 78, No. 5 The American Mathematical Monthly states, “Fritz Herzog received his Columbia University PhD. under J.F. Ritt. His first position was at Cornell, and he has been at Michigan State since 1943, except for visits to Washington University and the University of Michigan. He is a recipient of a Michigan State Distinguished Faculty award. His principal research interests are complex function theory and power series.”

In his autobiography, Enigmas of Chance, Mark Kac wrote, "At Cornell, only a fellow instructor, Fritz Herzog, was not a native American. He was a refugee from Germany who tried to speed up his process of Americanization by reading the comics. He gave up the struggle when he first came across Popeye the Sailor's "I yam what I yam" and discovered that a yam was a sweet potato."

Rings And Things And A Fine Array Of Twentieth Century Associative Algebra by Carl Clifton Faith quotes Fritz Herzog saying, "Teaching is a calculus thing--you have to minimize." 

Helen passed on July 25, 1988. Fritz died of prostate cancer on November 21, 2001. Helen’s diary from 1919 ended up in a South Lansing, MI flea market shop where I discovered it.

In 2018 I received a surprise phone call from a woman who began, "I believe you have my aunt's diary." Chills ran up my spine! I finally had contact with someone from Helen's family!

Helen's sister Lorine Esther Korngold married Harry Mendleson. His son David Frey Mendleson married Mary Ann and their daughter was Lorine, my contact.

Fritz Herzog's brother Paul Herzog wrote a book about their family history, Three Generations: The Dispersion of a German Jewish Family. Lorine told shared the genealogy pages with Stars of David marking those family members lost in the Holocaust.

Lorine sent me copies of the Herzog genealogy, marked with stars for the people who perished in the Holocaust.



Helen and Fritz were disappointed when they had no children but loved Helen's nieces and nephews. I was told that they were well-beloved visitors.
Helen bathing Lorine at Helen's home in Michigan, 1957
Helen, Fritz and baby Lorine, 1957
Lorine and her Aunt Florence, Helen's youngest sister

Lorine Korngold Mendleson, Helen's sister, is on the left
Later I also heard from Anne Nathan, whose grandfather was Karol Korngold, Helen's brother, and from John Reichman, Florence Korngold's son. 


I had sent Helen's diary to Lorine who shared it with her mother and cousins.

I had made a quilt that included scans of Helen's diary pages. It appeared in a quilt show at the Women's Historical Center in East Lansing, Michigan. I sent Lorine the quilt as well.

I hope you enjoyed meeting Helen Korngold and a glimpse into St. Louis in 1919.

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Helen Korngold Diary: December 15-21, 1919

It was Helen's last week of teaching at Wellston school before her trip to New York City to visit Herbert and Ruth Pawling! She went shopping to prepare.

December
Monday 15
School – I do love Mondays. Rushed downtown. Got a beautiful dark blue beaded camisole. Also getting a darling peach-blow evening dress. Have some wonderful suede pumps.

Tuesday 16
School seems a nuisance these days. Downtown, bought a dear black jersey silk petticoat & silk stockings. Bought a green silk dress – silver lace & cloth – gorgeous. Have a cute blue hat to match my new fur-trimmed blue coat.

Wednesday 17
This was a good day. Children were angelic. Milton Breschel came over.

Thursday 18
Bought a blue suit trimmed in nutria fur. It’s real cute. I have some beautiful handkerchiefs, combs, etc. Also have a pretty white georgette plainly embroidered.

Friday 19
Expect to leave for N.Y. tomorrow. Thrilling. I’m almost thru shopping. Gave my children a Xmas party – a piece of candy for each & a John Hancock pencil. Had a program for everything. Beck bought my bag and packed my trunk.

Saturday 20
Went to Wellston, got my check – said good-bye to Grammie, Grandpa & the rest of the family – bought a pair of shoes & left St Louis at 1:10 p.m. Spent a pleasant afternoon with a girl on the train.

Sunday 21
No breakfast. Felt rotten. The train was cold & hot by degrees. Went around horseshoe bend & really enjoyed the trip – but the train lost 4 hrs time & I arrived in Penn Station N.Y. 10 p.m. Met by Ruth & Herbert.

Notes:

Dec 14

El Dance was held at B’nai El in St. Louis, a founding member of the Union for Reform Judaism. 

Milton D. Breschel, according to The War Record of American Jews, was on born July 8, 1892, in Milwaukee, MN. He was a commissioned officer in WWI. He was a student living in St. Louis at 5001 Gates Ave. when he entered the war. His mother was born in New York and his father was Czechoslovakian/Russian/Polish. On January 18, 1915, he was promoted to 2 Lt. working with heavy tanks. He appears in the 1914 Scranton, PA City Directory. In the 1920s and 1930s Milton D. Breschel appears in Jacksonville, FL city directories, working as a salesman and married to Fay.

Dec. 20

Perhaps Helen took the Baltimore & Ohio's St. Louis-Cincinnati-New York City Special passenger train. Two trains left St. Louis daily.

The St. Louis Limited traveled over 1000 miles in "scarcely a day" from St. Louis to New York City, passing through Indianapolis, IN, Dayton and Columbus, OH, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, and Philadelphia, PA. "This is the only train composed of Pullman cars exclusively. A library-smoking car, buffet, bath and barber appliances, a Pennsylvania Lines diner, a compartment-observation car, and three drawing-room sleeping cars made up the equipment."(found in Goggle Books Railway World.)

*****
1919 Fashion and Helen

Helen's choices reflected popular styles being sold in 1919. The Dry Good Economist of 1919 noted color trends including 'National' blue, or drapeau blue,  the color of the flag as a new fashion-forward color. 'Blue Devil' blue and navy blue was popular.

Favorite dress materials included tricolette and silk jersey. Fur was a fashionable trim, especially seal, but fur was in short supply because of a fur strike. Sealion and Nurtria were used instead. Nutria fur was from the coypu or swamp rat, originally imported from South America, somewhat like beaver fur.

Chemise models of dresses were the narrow skirted dresses that fell straight from shoulder to knee.

Wool and silk and georgette dresses were embellished with colored embroidery, jet and steel beading, and soutache braid.

Camisoles were undergarments worn over the brassiere, now coming into their own as an outer garment.

The suits below show the narrow profile that would define the 1920s. Not the hemlines are above the ankle.


These dresses show the fuller silhouette that was becoming passe.
Mode 1918 - 1919 | ARTDECO BOULEVARD


Perhaps Helen's green silk dress embellished with silver lace looked like this dress:
1918 dinner gown, lace overlay over green silk
1919 fashion illustration shows the simple white dress still popular. Helen's was made of georgette and simply embroidered.

Dec 1919 fashion illustration includes the trendy 'national' blue along with the capuchine yellow that was the other new in color.

These petticoats are quite full.
Image result for 1919 fashion black silk jersey petticoat

Trendy colors from Paris for evening apparel include a 'peachblow' dress on the right.
Image result for 1919 fashion catalog"
As ankles were being shown, stockings featured designs on the ankles and lower legs.
Image result for 1919 fashion catalog silk nylons

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Helen Korngold Diary: December 1-7, 1919

Helen Korngold, Dec. 1919, New York City
Helen is enjoying her teaching position at Wellston. Her love of the children shines through.

December
Monday 1
School again – I feel good –check came in to-day. If Ward would stop making eyes at me – I’d feel better.

Tuesday 2
The girls are darling. Louise is a little doll – so is Virginia & Adel. The girls are all very sweet. The boys are interesting.

Wednesday 3
School again. Same as ever.

Thursday 4
If Arthur S. Kelly would only stop being to cute, I might be able to keep from kissing him – He’s so cute & fab.

Friday 5
I like Fri. It means a good time on Saturday. Herbert Pawlinger came to town. He is darling.

Sunday 7
Taught school. This is all so funny. Leo Rosen & the Meyer boys, Jesse & Henry are dears. All the girls are nice.

Notes:

Dec 4

Arthur S. Kelley appears in the 1910 St. Louis Census as three years old and living with parents James W., age 43 and a farm laborer, Martha, 30, and siblings Bessie, Jessie, Hosa and Dessie.

Dec. 5
Herbert Pawlinger visited earlier in the year on April 13.

Herbert Lincoln Pawliger (2/121894 to 11/1967) lived with his family at 1915 Broadway in New York City.

His WWI Draft Registration shows he was of medium height and build with brown hair and eyes. He was a clothing salesman for Jay Tee Frocks.

On the 1910 New York Census was 16 and living with his family Max, 48 born in 1882, and a manufacturer of furs; Nettie, 40, born in 1883; Arthur, 19 and a salesman; and Ruth E. age 14 and born in 1895.

On the 1920 New York Census, he was in commercial sales, living with his parents and Arthur, a photographer, and Ruth who was a clerk at Standard Oil.

On the 1925 New York City Census he was living with his family: father Max Pawliger, who was a fur merchant in the company of Pawliger and Staubsinger; mother Nettie; and siblings Arthur and Ruth E.

Hebert’s WWII Draft registration shows he worked at Jay-Tee Frocks and was married to Minna. They had a child Winifred.

In December Helen and her parents and at least one sister visited the Pawlings in New York City in December at the invitation of Ruth Pawling.

Dec 7

Leo Rosen graduated from Washington University and appears in the 1927 Hatchet. He was on the debating team and had won sophomore honors. Leo was born in 1906 and died in 1991. Leo was a WWII veteran. The 1920 St. Louis Census shows Leo Rosen, student, living with his parents Paul and Ida Rosen and sibling Melvin. They also had a servant. Paul was a ready-to-wear wholesaler.  Leo married Diana Aronson and they had children Harold and Elinor. The 1940 St. Louis Census Leo shows was an insurance salesman.

Jesse and Henry R. Meyer appear in the 1920 St. Louis Census. Jesse was age 11 and Henry 13. They lived with Nancy W. Meyer, age 52 and a labeler in a cereal company, and siblings James R., Andrew who worked as a “stirrer” and Thomas who was a farm laborer. The 1925 Kansas State Census shows Henry R. aged 18 as head of the household, N.J. his mother aged 58, and James and Jessie.
*****
In the News:

A note in the Dec. 4, 1919, The Jewish Voice showed a talk on George Elliott, Friend of Humanity at United Hebrew Temple.
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The Jewish Voice had been running articles on the Ukranian pogroms and on Dec. 4 announced a protest mass meeting.

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The newspaper also printed an article about one man's heartlessness.
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One letter in reaction stated,
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There is also an article showing that 250,000 Jews served in WWI.
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A Dec. 7, 1919 article in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch endeavored to calm fears that President Wilson was secretly paralyzed.
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The Lincoln Monument in Washington, D. C. was nearing completion.

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Christmas ads from the Dec. 7, 1919, St. Louis Post-Dispatch:
A very Gatsby ad:
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The men needed a tie with those shirts.
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For the ladies, you could get a fur coat.
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Or, get her warm underwear.
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You can't enjoy Christmas with the kiddies without booze.
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For the kiddies:
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I love the airplane in this ad!
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'Moderately' priced player pianos were advertised:
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That player piano adjusted for inflation:
$
$7,384.73
Adjusted for inflation, $485.00 in 1919 is equal to $7,384.73 in 2019.
Annual inflation over this period was 2.76%.